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Home Blog Page 420

Cowboy hat with a history

By
Milo Yield
-
May 8, 2024
0
Thayne Cozart
Milo Yield

When we moved into our new home last October, one of the last items I loaded out of the garage wuz a wooden hat rack that wuz home to several old, decrepit cowboy hats that I owned. I just didn’t have the heart to pitch them into the trash. But, I hadn’t paid a whit of attention to that hat rack until last week when I spied it on a shelf in our garage.

When my eyes rested upon one particular cowboy hat, that sight triggered a long-held, treasured, personal memory of all that’s happened to that hat. It truly is a cowboy hat with a history — and I’ll share that history with you in this column. If you smile while you read it, then you’ve joined me, because I did, too.

The hat is an expensive, black, narrow-brimmed Resistol that I bought back in the 1970s at a western wear store in Iola, Kan. It spent several years as my dress cowboy hat. After it got a noticeable sweat stain ring around the brim, the hat graduated to full-time work and hunting hat. It wuz in that work-hat mode when I moved to Iowa.

Now, we get to the best part of that hat’s history. My closest neighbor and closest friend in Iowa was ol’ Nick deHyde. Nick is a dyed-in-the-wool sheep man. He has sheared sheep all over Iowa and down into Missouri for decades. He’s even sheared research sheep on contract for the government at a federal animal disease research laboratory in Ames .

He has always had a small ewe flock of white-faced sheep. He even hosted and ran the Iowa Ram Test Station for a few years. He loves training working Border Collies and has owned a bevy of good ones.

When I became Nick’s neighbor, I got involved in his sheep enterprises by osmosis. He could use my help. I wuz happy to provide it, and I enjoyed it.

When I moved in as Nick’s neighbor, he wuz in the final construction of a spanking new metal pole barn. It’s purpose wuz for all-things sheep. I arrived in time to get involved with the inside and outside pen building.

Nick had big plans for letting that new building pay for itself with sheep. The first enterprise he planned wuz to dry-lot two pot-loads of South Dakota feeder lambs during the winter when the Iowa ground wuz frozen and sell them when they reached market weight.

It wuz a sound business plan, except for one thing. That winter the Iowa ground didn’t just freeze up like normal and stay frozen. Instead it went into a cycle of freeze and thaw all winter. Of course, with every surface thaw the hooves of 400 sheep made the mud and muck deeper and deeper. Eventually, the feed lot because a four-inch quagmire of juicy, mucky, smelly sheep manure and mud — all underlain with a slippery layer of ice.

Anyone who knows sheep understands sheep perform best when it’s dry. Sheep and mud don’t’ mix well. The two get along like oil and water. I won’t get into detail, but suffice it to say during the whole feeding period, the lambs’ performance wuz less than ideal.

But, eventually, the bulk of the lambs survived the weather ordeal and were ready to ship. The sheep were going to a processor in southern Minnesota. For the lambs to arrive at their allotted time required that they be loaded out well before dawn at Nick’s feed lot.

Of course, on that cold March shipping day, I volunteered to help with the load-out. I rolled out of my warm bed around 4:30 a.m. The trucks arrived promptly. The load out began. And so did my hat’s most remarkable history episode.

Wearing my gum boots, I entered the sheep pen and began herding the lambs toward the loading chute. Nick, his Border Collies, and I were all slopping through the muck. But, at a most inapportune moment, the moving mass of sheep knocked me off balance on the slippery under-lying ice layer and down I went into the mire. My Resistol flew off and instantly disappeared into the slop under hundreds of sheep hooves. I righted myself unhurt but carrying a few extra pounds of liquid sheep excrement. I knew my hat wuz a goner.

So, I worked bareheaded until the last lamb wuz loaded and the trucks headed down the road. I didn’t even look for my hat. I went home, showered and warmed up. The mucky mess in the feed lot refroze solid. I, frankly, forgot about that Resistol.

But, a few weeks later, the ground thawed and Nick saw the brim of my felt hat peeping from its nether-world. He gingerly plucked it out and plopped it over the top of a feed lot fence post. There it forlornly hung through all the Iowa spring downpours. Finally, I retrieved the sodden, misshapen hat and took it home, where I somehow convinced ol’ Nevah to wash it. Of course, the inner lining wuz gone, but, surprisingly, the narrow hat band wuz still attached.

But, after the thorough washing, to my surprise the ol’ Resistol didn’t stink of sheep manure. So, I wet it down again with clean water and re-shaped it into wearable condition. I wore it a few times after that, but, mainly, I retired it to the hat rack in my garage. I’ll bet there are few felt western hats in America with a history like my ol’ Resistol,

***

I read in the aggie press that it took only a few weeks for the newly-introduced gray wolf predators in the Colorado Rockies to start killing calves and yearlings. That wuz as predictable as the sun rising in the east. But what to do to solve the problem?

I think I have a solution. For every cow, horse or sheep that the wolves kill, it should be mandatory that a randomly selected “wolf lover” has to turn one of their beloved pets loose in wolf country. I think that would soon put an end to the cries for “more wolves.”

***

I neglected to mention that my best Colorado friend — retired carpenter and fisherman extraordinaire Sawyer Bord — recently stopped for a short visit. Sawyer told me he’s just about completed his fishing bucket list. His goal is to catch a fish in all 50 states. The only two he’s missing (I think) is Ohio and Hawaii. Now that’s dedicated fishing.

***

Words of wisdom for the week: “An apology is the best way to get in the last word.” Have a good ‘un.

 

Popular Spring Crops

By
Guest Columnist
-
May 8, 2024
0

Beans are a tender, warm-season crop that is popular in Kansas gardens as either a spring crop or a fall crop.

 

• Bush snap. Snap, or green beans, are grown for their tender, immature pods. They can be green, yellow (sometimes called “wax”), and purple. Bush types grow on short plants typically up to 24 inches tall and do not require trellising.

 

• Pole beans. Pole beans have a climbing growth habit and will require a trellis. Pole beans often perform best when planted for a fall crop in Kansas. Pole beans can be either shelling or snap beans.

 

• Shelling. Shelling beans are grown for the mature bean seeds in the pod. They require a longer growing season and dry weather to cure the pods. Blossoms may drop if heat occurs too early in the growing season, making them difficult to grow in Kansas. These include lima beans as well as French horticultural types, cranberry, pinto, great northern, red kidney, and similar varieties.

 

• Long beans. Long beans are relatives of Southern peas (cowpeas) and are vigorous climbers requiring a trellis. The bean pods can grow to 3 feet long, although best eating quality for snap beans is usually 12 to 18 inches.

 

• Southern peas. Also known as cowpeas, field peas, or black-eyed peas, southern peas are actually beans that are grown throughout the south and originated in Africa. They are very heat and drought tolerant, which makes them a good choice for a low maintenance summer crop. Some varieties are more bush-type and others are more vining.

 

Variety considerations. Choose early maturing varieties, because beans may not set as well in the heat and have problems with spider mites in the middle of summer. Many newer cultivars of snap beans produce large yields at one time, whereas older cultivars may spread the harvest over a longer time period. Some cultivars have larger pod diameter, whereas others have been developed for more slender, filet beans. Look for varieties resistant to bacterial blight and that are heat tolerant.

 

When to plant. Beans are sensitive to cold temperatures. Soil temperatures should be 55 to 60°F with danger of freezes well past before planting. Fall beans can be planted in late July or early August. You can have a continuous supply by planting at intervals several weeks apart. However, beans planted to bloom in hot, dry weather frequently will be of poor quality.

 

Spacing. Plant seeds about an inch deep. A plant every 3 to 5 inches is desirable, so drop seed about every 2 to 4 inches. Plant pole beans 6 to 12 inches apart.

 

Crop rotation. If possible in your garden space, do not plant beans in an area where peas, beans, or soybeans have been planted in the previous 3 to 4 years.

 

Care. Do not soak bean seed before planting. Moisten the soil to provide moisture for germination, but do not water to form a tight crust. Beans have a shallow root system and require careful cultivation, good weed control, and water in dry periods. Beans are sensitive to soil salts; avoid alkali spots or “salty” locations. Excessive nitrogen in the soil can delay flowering, so take care not to overfertilize.

 

Harvesting. Harvest snap beans when the pod is crisp, smooth, and before the seeds enlarge significantly. Do not harvest in early morning when dew is on the plants as this may spread bacterial blight. Harvest lima beans and horticultural beans when the pods are fully formed and seeds have enlarged to the degree you desire. To use fresh, harvest when the pods are thin and tough, but not dry. To store, harvest when pods are fully dry and the beans inside rattle.

Cattle cycle bottoms to historic low. Will peak be historic low?

By
Guest Columnist
-
May 8, 2024
0
Photo credit: U.S. Department of Agriculture

The cattle herd is progressively shrinking, and as of Jan. 1, it totaled 87.2 million head. This year’s inventory is the fewest since 1951, when the herd totaled 82.1 million.

Each subsequent peak in cattle inventory is lower than the previous peak, while each trough (or low point) is deeper than its predecessor.

Since 1950 there have been seven peaks (1955, 1965, 1975, 1982, 1996, 2007 and 2019) and six troughs (1958, 1967, 1979, 1990, 2004 and 2014, not including the current trough run). The number of years between peaks and troughs has averaged 5.3 years. The time moving from peak to trough is taking longer when it was two to four years from 1950 through 1979, and since then it has taken seven to eight years.

 

Cycle and peaks

Conversely, the time to move from trough to peak has shortened when it was seven to eight years from 1950 to 1975, and since then it has been three to six years to peak out of the bottom of the cycle. Cattle herds peak faster while painfully taking their time to hit bottom.

Since the record inventory peak of 132 million head of cattle in 1975, each peak and trough are lower as shown in the accompanying figure. In other words, the cattle herd is progressively smaller. The most recent Cattle report pegged inventory level on Jan. 1 is now lower than the previous trough in 2014, which totaled 88.2 million head. The last peak was five years ago in 2019, which was the number of years to achieve that peak in 2019. So, with a new lower trough in the making, does the cattle inventory rebound or languish lower still?

 

Other factors

Cattle inventory changes for several reasons, most prominently given that the time from birth to slaughter ranges from 20 months to 36 months, depending on the time of weaning and feeding practices. Other factors can speed up the slaughter pace, such as poor margins, high-priced feed or the lack of feed, weather that is too cold or hot and other considerations.

Despite the cattle herd being progressively fewer, not all is lost. The average live weight during March of each year has increased steadily since 2000, when live cattle weights averaged 1,217 pounds and for March this year were a record 1,396 pounds, an increase of 15%. (The monthly Livestock Slaughter report for March was released April 25.)

However, as much as the cattle herd has shrunk since peaking in 2019, the drop in the number of head slaughtered fell dramatically in March this year to fewer than 2.5 million head, down nearly 15% from March 2023. The number of cattle slaughtered and the average live weights for March are shown in the accompanying chart.

Conceivably, the increasing live weights at slaughter could offset the drop in the number of head being slaughtered. However, given the compounding impact of culling the herd over the last year, beef production during March fell 12% to less than 2.1 billion pounds, a drop of nearly 300 million pounds in one year as shown in the accompanying chart, despite the record live weights. The annual change in production was the steepest drop during March since at least 2000.

 

What’s possible

Is there a silver lining over the horizon? If history is our guide, and now that a new trough is in, could the climb in headcount for cattle gain traction? While calf season is underway, and the size of the calf crops of the past few years has been shrinking, the prospects of a rapid turnaround are tepid at best.

Ranchers and producers have incentives to produce larger herds with lower feed costs and higher prices for the cattle. Even if the trough is set, any peak from here will arrive fast but lower than the previous peak, if history is our guide. But with the time required to build herds and to put weight on each head, this current trough is painfully looking for the bottom as the cattle herd progressively shrinks, even though each head slaughtered is heavier.

Dog owners encouraged to be aware of heartworm risk as temperatures rise

By
Guest Columnist
-
May 8, 2024
0
carterse
Risk of heartworm transmission rises as mosquitoes become more active

Rising mosquito activity heading into the summer months poses an increased risk of transmitting heartworm disease to dogs, which can lead to damage of the heart, lungs and arteries if left untreated.

Cathy Campbell, DVM, veterinary diagnostician at the Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, TVMDL, in Bryan-College Station, explains the heartworm life cycle, the best time for testing, and tips for prevention.

What are heartworms and how are they transmitted to dogs?

Heartworm disease is caused by the parasitic worm Dirofilaria immitis and is transmitted to animals through mosquitoes, according to the American Heartworm Society. Mature heartworms can live within dogs for up to seven years.

“When a mosquito happens to bite an animal infected with heartworms, it ingests microfilariae, or baby heartworms, through a blood meal,” Campbell said.

Those microfilariae morph into larvae inside the mosquito in 10-14 days. That infected mosquito tends to fly around and bite a dog, transmitting the larvae to a new host. Once transmitted, the larvae enter the dog’s bloodstream and migrate to the heart.

“Larvae set up housekeeping in the heart and grow into sexual maturity in six to seven months,” Campbell said. “Mature worms produce microfilariae, which are released into the bloodstream where they await another mosquito to come and bite the dog, take up a blood sample and continue the cycle.”

It takes six to seven months in the heartworm’s life cycle before they can be detected on a test. Therefore, most veterinarians recommend testing dogs for heartworms around 6 to 7 months of age.

Testing to detect heartworms in dogs

TVMDL offers two different approaches to testing.

The first approach is to detect the baby heartworms produced by adult heartworms in the heart. TVMDL’s clinical pathology section can detect microfilariae using either a filter method or through a modified Knott’s test.

However, not all heartworm infections produce baby heartworms, so it is best to include an “occult” heartworm test using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA — the second testing approach.

Technicians at TVMDL use the ELISA test to detect antigens associated with pregnant female heartworms. A positive result indicates adult female heartworms are present. This is the primary testing method to detect heartworms.

TVMDL’s role in testing for heartworm disease

Most private veterinary clinics can perform heartworm antigen/ELISA testing in-house, Campbell said. TVMDL primarily conducts confirmatory heartworm testing with a different antigen test after these clinics have gotten an initial positive result.

Confirmatory testing is performed for several reasons. The first is to confirm a dog truly is positive for heartworms prior to undergoing treatment, because the treatment drug used for heartworms can have significant side effects and should not be used unless adult heartworms are present.

The second reason is to document heartworm prevention drug failure. Several manufacturers guarantee coverage of treatment for a dog that has been on their product but developed heartworms despite well-documented testing and dispensing of medication by a licensed veterinarian. There is evidence of a preventative-resistant heartworm variant, primarily in the Mississippi delta region of the U.S.

Lastly, sometimes test results can be unclear. TVMDL can offer a differing testing option to help support or confirm findings.

Although TVMDL serves a confirmatory role for most antigen heartworm tests, the agency typically conducts initial testing for the heartworm antibody test in felines. Due to the infrequency with which this test is needed in private practice on cats, many veterinary clinics do not perform this test in-house and defer testing to TVMDL.

Prevention recommendations

TVMDL encourages veterinarians to educate their clients on the benefits of giving year-round heartworm preventatives to both their canine and feline patients and supports annual testing of canines.

“Texas’ mild climate lends toward year-round mosquito activity,” Campbell said. “Missing a dose of heartworm preventative, or even administering a dose late, may allow a window of opportunity for mosquitoes to infect pets.”

For additional information on heartworm disease, visit the American Heartworm Society. For more information on testing, visit TVMDL’s testing services or call the TVMDL laboratory nearest to you.

Farmers and Firefighters Join Forces to Eliminate Forever Chemicals

By
Guest Columnist
-
May 8, 2024
0

This International Firefighters’ Day, the Kansas Soybean Commission encourages farmers to talk to their local fire departments about soy-based firefighting foam’s health and environmental benefits.

Firefighters and farmers in Kansas serve as the backbones of our local communities, united by a shared commitment to safety and service. As our first line of defense, firefighters face numerous risks navigating hazardous environments with smoke and carcinogens. Firefighters rely on various tools, including firefighting foam, to combat fires. However, traditional foams can pose risks, exposing them to harmful PFAS or “forever chemicals.” With farmer investment, the safer alternative SoyFoam™ TF 1122 eliminates this exposure, prioritizing the well-being of our first responders.

Cross Plains Solutions’ SoyFoam™ TF 1122 is the first and only firefighting foam GreenScreen Certified® at the Gold level. This partnership between Cross Plains Solutions and the soy checkoff gives firefighters one less thing to worry about while keeping our communities safe. SoyFoam is 100% free of intentionally added per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and is made with no fluorines. It’s also certified ready biodegradable by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development and is certified as 84% biobased through the U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® program.

“SoyFoam™ is very cost competitive and made from renewable products,” Bob Haselwood, Commissioner from Berryton, says. “Firefighting foams currently on the market pose long-term cancer risks. Foam made from soy flour is a good product, especially considering young generations of firefighters.”

Another benefit of SoyFoam for the soybean industry is that it’s made with soy flour. While soy-based products for biofuels, adhesives, coatings, lubricants and plastics primarily use soybean oil, SoyFoam uses the meal component of the soybean. With the growth of renewable diesel aimed at decarbonizing the transportation sector, finding new demand streams for the increased soybean meal crush, which makes up 80% of the bean, remains at the top of mind. Cross Plains Solutions estimates the current applications of SoyFoam™ TF 1122 have the potential to use the protein from 12 million bushels of soybeans, and new uses for the product, beyond firefighting applications, are on the horizon.

“We are proud to partner with U.S. Soy to launch this breakthrough firefighting foam for use by fire departments across the nation,” said Cross Plains Solutions’ Managing Partner Alan Snipes. “Our manufacturing plant in Georgia is ready to produce SoyFoam now, so fire departments can ask their suppliers to offer it. We also see demand for numerous additional applications, ranging from canisters to sprinkler systems.”

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports that PFAS is found in water, air, fish, and soil at locations across the nation and the globe. Exposure is linked to several adverse health effects, including certain cancers, thyroid dysfunction, changes in cholesterol and small reductions in birth weight. So, mitigating forever chemicals through soy-based products can create a real impact, not only for the safety of our first responders but also to maintain the integrity of our local communities’ soil health, air quality and drinking water.

As we commemorate International Firefighters’ Day on May 4, the Kansas Soybean Commission urges local farmers to provide information to their local fire departments to use SoyFoam, not only to protect their firefighters but to safeguard their communities as well. To learn more about the product, visit crossplainssolutions.com.

GreenScreen® Certified is an independent certification program owned by the nonprofit Clean Production Action, which promotes the use of PFAS-free and preferred chemicals in materials, products, and manufacturing.

The Kansas Soybean Commission, established in 1977, includes nine volunteer farmer-commissioners who are elected by their peers. They oversee investments of the legislated “soybean checkoff” assessment in research, consumer information, market development, industry relations and farmer outreach to improve the profit opportunities for all Kansas soybean farmers.

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