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Wheat Scoop: K-State recommends scouting and addressing stripe rust to prevent loss of yield and quality

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Kansas Wheat

For audio version, visit kswheat.com.

The appearance of stripe rust adds insult to injury to this year’s wheat crop, but Kansas growers should scout fields and have their management strategy ready for this yield- and quality-limiting disease. Stripe rust has now been detected in 35 Kansas counties, according to Wheat Ag Pest Monitor.

 

While most of these observations have been at low or trace levels, the K-State Agronomy eUpdate issued on May 2, 2024, noted, “Up until this point, the disease has largely been limited by lack of moisture.” Scattered showers across the state over the weekend and into the start of the week have reduced that limiting factor.

 

“Since the eUpdate was published on May 2, the risk of severe disease has elevated in north-central and northwest Kansas,” said Kelsey Andersen Onofre, K-State assistant professor of plant pathology. “We are keeping a close eye on this part of the state.”

 

Stripe rust develops in cool, humid weather with rapid disease development between 50 and 60 degrees. The disease slows when nighttime temperatures are above 68 degrees or daytime temperatures have highs above 80 degrees for several days.

 

Stripe rust shows as yellow or orange blister-like lesions arranged in stripes on the plant’s leaves. Timing is important as stripe rust has the highest impact on yield and quality when the crop is still in the flowering or early kernel-filling stages of development. Stripe rust on the upper leaves or flag leaf are of particular concern.

 

In south and south-central Kansas, the wheat crop has progressed past the optimal window for a fungicide application. According to K-State, the risk of yield loss from stripe rust decreases when the disease is spotted in fields already in the dough stages of grain development. In northwest and north-central Kansas, however, the crop is further behind and more vulnerable.

 

In addition to limiting yield, Onofre noted that K-State research has seen a three to nine percent decrease in test weight in susceptible varieties under high stripe rust disease pressure, varying between wheat varieties and environments. This impact is important for end-use quality as test weight provides an initial indicator of quality and works as a rough estimate of potential flour yield.

 

While detrimental to yield and quality, producers can effectively treat stripe rust with foliar fungicides, particularly if applied at earlier growth stages. According to the eUpdate, “K-State research demonstrates that if stripe rust is detected on flag leaves at the heading growth stage, there is a 90% chance your fungicide application will pay off. This is a year when scouting will be critical.”

 

Producers should also pay close attention to labels and information on the pre-harvest intervals for their preferred fungicides. K-State also has resources available on the most common fungicides.

 

The K-State agronomy eUpdate provides five questions to help producers decide whether or not to apply fungicide at this time to treat stripe rust:

 

1. What variety is planted? The wheat industry specifically includes stripe rust resistance in public and private breeding programs, providing built-in genetic resistance in certain varieties. These specific varieties likely would not benefit from a fungicide application. Check Kansas Wheat Variety Guide 2023 for how your varieties are rated for stripe rust resistance.

 

2. Has stripe rust been detected in the field? Common sense and science agree that if stripe rust is already established in the field, increased disease levels will follow if the weather is right. Pay close attention if stripe rust is present on flag leaves when the crop is heading.

 

3. Does the field’s yield potential justify a fungicide application? A fungicide can provide a 10 to 15 percent yield boost under moderate to high stripe rust pressure. But, if the disease is not present or the crop is in poor to very poor condition, a fungicide application may not pay off.

 

4. How much moisture has the field received recently? The eUpdate noted stripe rust shows up in fields about 10 days from when the infection first occurs, so producers should continue scouting fields, especially if they have received rainfall.

 

5. What is the fusarium head scab risk? If a field has a history of head scab and the current year’s crop is approaching flowering, producers may be able to control both stripe rust and head scab with a single application this year.

 

Keep track of the latest recommendations from K-State for wheat producers at https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu.

 

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Written by Julia Debes for Kansas Wheat

 

Resources on stripe rust used in this article:

K-State Agronomy eUpdate for May 2, 2024
K-State publication on wheat stripe rust
Farmers Business Network page on wheat stripe rust

KU News: 2024 KU seniors honor high school teachers with Wolfe Teaching Excellence Awards

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From the Office of Public Affairs | http://www.news.ku.edu

Headlines

2024 KU seniors honor high school teachers with Wolfe Teaching Excellence Awards

LAWRENCE — Three outstanding high school teachers will be recognized with the Wolfe Teaching Excellence Award this spring at the University of Kansas. Recipients are teachers from Lyndon and Mill Valley high schools in Kansas and Webster Groves High School in Missouri. They each receive a cash award of $3,000, and their respective high schools receive $1,000.

KU undergraduate researchers receive Courtwright Awards

LAWRENCE – Two University of Kansas students are the recipients of the Courtwright Award for Undergraduate Research Excellence for spring 2024 through KU’s Center for Undergraduate Research. Parnian Arafi, a junior in biochemistry from Iran, is researching Alzheimer’s disease. Kaitlyn Sy, a senior in biotechnology from Olathe, is researching cancer. Finalists for the award are from Olathe, Overland Park and Salina.

 

Full stories below.

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Contact: Aspen Grender, School of Education & Human Sciences, [email protected], @KUSOEHS

2024 KU seniors honor high school teachers with Wolfe Teaching Excellence Awards

 

LAWRENCE — Three outstanding high school teachers will be recognized with the Wolfe Teaching Excellence Award this spring.

“Probably the highest honor that can be bestowed on a teacher is to have former students recognize them,” said Rick Ginsberg, dean of the School of Education & Human Sciences. “The Wolfe Teaching Excellence Award does just that as former students nominate a high school teacher that had a positive impact on them.”

Nominations are submitted by KU seniors. Students from any major can nominate their former teachers, and the winners can be high school teachers from anywhere in the world. The 2024 award recipients:

Cindy Parker, Lyndon High School, Lyndon
Kara Siebe, Webster Groves High School, Webster Grove, Missouri
Jeff Wieland, Mill Valley High School, Shawnee

Cindy Parker

Parker was nominated by Kaitlyn Moore, a senior in secondary English education at KU. Moore first met Parker during a job shadowing experience during Moore’s sophomore year at Lyndon High School. Parker later joined Lyndon High School as an English teacher during Moore’s junior and senior years. In the nomination, Moore wrote: “Mrs. Cindy Parker is a teacher who changed my life as a high school student … She gives so much of herself to her students, and I hope she knows how much of that love and care we carry with us as we exit her classroom, and that we continue to strive to pass on her kindness and goodwill to the rest of the world.”

Kara Siebe

Siebe was nominated by Quin Dolan, a senior in business administration and sport management at KU. Dolan, who had Siebe as a teacher in a marketing class at Webster Groves High School, wrote: “Mrs. Siebe is truly a one-of-a-kind teacher that the Webster Groves School District is lucky to have. For years, she has shown her commitment to the community, our school, and her students. In addition, she continues to open so many doors for her students by creating many amazing opportunities for us. She taught us how to set goals for ourselves, and more importantly how to achieve those goals.”

Jeff Wieland

Wieland was nominated by Sophia Klaudt, a senior in biochemistry at KU. In the nomination, Klaudt, who had Wieland as a history teacher at Mill Valley High School, wrote: “Mr. Wieland was not just a history teacher for us; his breadth of knowledge extends far beyond that of the classroom curriculum. His passion for educating and spreading knowledge to his students was truly remarkable, and the care that he put into each of his students did not go unnoticed … His teachings are a steady constant in my life that I have and will continuously utilize as I begin the next chapter of my life.”

Recipients each receive a cash award of $3,000, and their respective high schools each receive $1,000. The award winners were selected from a large pool of outstanding nominees by a committee of faculty, administrators and students from KU’s College of Liberal Arts & Sciences and School of Education & Human Sciences.

The Wolfe Teaching Excellence Award was created in 2006 with a $250,000 gift from R. Dean Wolfe, business administration, ’66, and juris doctorate, ’69, and Cheryl L. Wolfe, Spanish education, ’69, Clayton, Missouri, through the Wolfe Family Foundation.

The award fund is managed by KU Endowment, the official fundraising and fund-management foundation for KU. Founded in 1891, KU Endowment was the first foundation of its kind at a U.S. public university.

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The official university account for X (formerly Twitter) is @UnivOfKansas.

Follow @KUnews for KU News Service stories, discoveries and experts.

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Contact: Erin Wolfram, Academic Success, 785-864-2308, [email protected]

KU undergraduate researchers receive Courtwright Awards

 

LAWRENCE – Two University of Kansas students who earned Undergraduate Research Awards are the recipients of the Courtwright Award for Undergraduate Research Excellence for spring 2024 through KU’s Center for Undergraduate Research.

The Courtwright Award for Undergraduate Research Excellence was established at KU Endowment in 2020 through the contributions of David (Class of 1974) and Chris Courtwright (Class of 1983). The Courtwright Award seeks to recognize undergraduate students with majors in the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences whose research and creative work stand to make meaningful contributions to their fields of study.

Courtwright Award finalists are selected from applications for the Undergraduate Research Awards each semester. This is the seventh iteration of this award.

The recipients:

Parnian Arafi

Parnian Arafi is a junior in biochemistry from Iran mentored by Michael Wolfe, professor of medicinal chemistry.

“Alzheimer’s disease is a major global public health challenge, with a growing number of people affected, raising serious concerns within the scientific community,” Arafi said. “My research focuses on uncovering the complexities of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis by investigating the impact of Alzheimer-mutant presenilin-1 on amyloid β-peptide production by γ-secretase. This study has the potential to offer new (Alzheimer) treatment strategies.”

This past April, Arafi gave a speech about her research during the annual MIKIW conference at the University of Illinois-Chicago — the longest-running and largest regional medicinal chemistry conference in the U.S. — and presented a poster with the same title at the 39th Mossberg Honors Symposium at KU. Arafi also presented a poster about her research at KU’s 27th annual Undergraduate Research Symposium.

Kaitlyn Sy

Kaitlyn Sy is a senior in biotechnology from Olathe mentored by Jack Treml and Randall Logan, faculty members in biotechnology.

“Cancer, a devastating disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells, takes the lives of nearly 1 in every 6 people worldwide. My project investigates how cancer survives, thrives and wreaks havoc in the body despite constant surveillance by the immune system, which normally destroys abnormal cells,” Sy said. “The long-term goal of this research is to shed light on new approaches to treating cancer to ultimately improve outcomes for cancer patients.”

Sy shared her research through an oral presentation titled “Hiding in Plain Sight: Is Lactate an Invisibility Cloak for Cancer?” at KU’s 27th Undergraduate Research Symposium. She also presented “The Role of the Warburg Effect in Immune Evasion in Solid Tumors: Assessing the Effects of Lactate on the Immune Responsiveness of T Cells in vitro” at the 2024 Hawk Talks Conference at the KU Edwards Campus. A manuscript has been submitted for publication in the Midwestern Journal of Undergraduate Sciences.

Other spring 2024 finalists

Emily DeMars, a senior in history and political science from Salina: “Sovereignty and Sobriety: Temperance, State-building, and Native Disenfranchisement in Oklahoma,” mentored by Kent Blansett, associate professor of history.
George LaHood, a senior majoring in film & media studies from Overland Park, “Unreal Engine and Virtual Production Short Film,” mentored by David Mai, assistant professor of film & media studies.
Kaitlyn (Kit) Savoy, a junior majoring in biology from Olathe, “Electric Dispersal Potential of Fungal Spores,” mentored by Benjamin Sikes, associate professor of ecology & evolutionary biology.

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KU News Service

1450 Jayhawk Blvd.

Lawrence KS 66045

Phone: 785-864-3256

Fax: 785-864-3339

[email protected]

http://www.news.ku.edu

 

Erinn Barcomb-Peterson, director of news and media relations, [email protected]

 

Today’s News is a free service from the Office of Public Affairs

 

KU News: Educational research should pinpoint anti-Black aggressions to build better policy, scholar writes

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From the Office of Public Affairs | http://www.news.ku.edu

Headlines

Educational research should pinpoint anti-Black aggressions to build better policy, scholar writes

LAWRENCE — In 1974, Harvard psychiatrist Chester Pierce coined the term “microaggressions” to examine how African Americans experienced subtle and everyday acts of discrimination. Several decades later, the term “racial microaggressions” became the more common term for how all people of color experienced such acts. University of Kansas faculty member Dorothy Hines writes in a new article that researchers should instead focus on anti-Black aggressions, as it does not dilute the different experiences people of color have in their education. “What was at the heart of what Dr. Pierce was trying to get at?” she said. “What it means to be Black in America is different than what it means to be Black in France, which is different than what it means to be Latino in America.”

Spencer Museum announces 2024 Brosseau Creativity Award recipients

LAWRENCE — The Spencer Museum of Art at the University of Kansas has announced the 2024 recipients of the Jack & Lavon Brosseau Creativity Awards, which honor innovative and risk-taking creative work in the categories of writing and diverse media from KU undergraduates. Honorees include students from Lawrence and Lenexa.

KU Libraries honor student employees at Dean’s Award luncheon

LAWRENCE — Leaders at the University of Kansas Libraries hosted the annual Dean’s Award for Student Employee Excellence award luncheon May 2, recognizing the essential contributions of student workers and highlighting outstanding student employees and ambassadors. Honorees include students from Olathe, Phillipsburg, Scott City and Wichita.

Full stories below.

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Contact: Mike Krings, KU News Service, 785-864-8860, [email protected], @MikeKrings

Educational research should pinpoint anti-Black aggressions to build better policy, scholar writes

 

LAWRENCE — For more than a decade, educational research has lumped all people of color together when examining microaggressions perpetrated against them. A University of Kansas scholar has published an article that argues educational research should instead study anti-Black aggressions as scholars originally intended and use the approach to build more equitable policy at the individual and institutional levels.

In 1974, Harvard psychiatrist Chester Pierce coined the term “microaggressions” to examine how African Americans experienced subtle and everyday acts of discrimination. Several decades later, the term “racial microaggressions” became the more common term for how all people of color experienced such acts. Dorothy Hines, associate professor of curriculum & teaching and associate professor of African & African-American studies at KU, wrote in a new article that researchers should instead focus on anti-Black aggressions, as it is both true to Pierce’s original intent and does not dilute the very different experiences people of color have in their education.

Published in Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education, the article proposes examining anti-Black aggressions on three levels: micro, institutional and macro.

The micro level includes experiences individuals commonly experience, such as a Black student being told they are inherently incapable of learning, which comes from societal beliefs about race and culture. Institutional level aggressions include policies and programs based on racism, such as school discipline policies that routinely result in disproportionate action taken against Black students. Macro level aggressions include ideologies and beliefs that result in policy such as state-level bans on teaching Black history.

In arguing for studying anti-Black aggressions instead of racial microaggressions against all people of color, Hines said the approach both is truer to the original idea of microaggressions and more fully delves into the experiences different groups have.

“We cannot dilute the unique experiences African Americans have had. The article discusses what happens when we take an idea and expand it beyond what was originally intended,” Hines said. “What was at the heart of what Dr. Pierce was trying to get at? What it means to be Black in America is different than what it means to be Black in France, which is different than what it means to be Latino in America.”

Hines further wrote that including all racial microaggressions in one research frame moves away from the history of the theory and changes how and why researchers examine such questions. She therefore calls for a Black epistemological future in educational research. Scholar Patricia Hill Collins described epistemology as “the way in which power relations shape who is believed and why.” To that end, research centered in Black epistemology would more adequately understand the Black experience in American education and better empower more just policies and approaches on all levels, according to Hines.

“Overall, I argue it’s not just thinking about racial microaggressions. We need to look at how certain people experience things in education and in life every day, and we need to be intersectional,” Hines said. “We have a responsibility to do morally right things. For me, it’s having a welcoming experience for Black students, staff, faculty and being supportive and doing research that addresses their lived experiences.”

That research would allow scholars to honor the original spirit of microaggression theory and ask more direct questions about the Black experience in American education, Hines said.

“Like Pierce’s work on anti-Black aggressions, Black epistemological futures are a call to researchers to see African Americans rather than disregard them in theory,” Hines wrote in the article’s conclusion. “Moreover, this model explores the impact of knowledge construction with the Black body while reshaping the types of questions that are asked, avoided, and necessary to hearing the African American narrative, wherever it may be.”

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The official university account for X (formerly Twitter) is @UnivOfKansas.

Follow @KUnews for KU News Service stories, discoveries and experts.

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Contact: Elizabeth Kanost, Spencer Museum of Art, 785-864-0142, [email protected], @SpencerMuseum

Spencer Museum announces 2024 Brosseau Creativity Award recipients

 

LAWRENCE — The Spencer Museum of Art at the University of Kansas has announced the 2024 recipients of the Jack & Lavon Brosseau Creativity Awards. Established by benefactor Lavon Brosseau in 2011, the awards honor innovative and risk-taking creative work in the categories of writing and diverse media from KU undergraduate students in any area of study.

Submissions included film, collage, music, photography, textiles and sculpture. Students represented a range of disciplines, including visual art, art education, film and media studies, music, English and Spanish. Both of this year’s award recipients are first-year students.

In the writing category, Laryn Anne Elliott-Langford of Lenexa was recognized for her poetic quilt “I AM SPECIAL, NO YOU’RE NOT.” Elliott-Langford is a first-year student in visual art with a minor in fibers. Elliott-Langford’s quilt responded to the unexpected loss of her father in January 2024, and she sewed words and imagery that remind her of him over the fabric. She writes, “The thread is my grief and its evolution. These sewn words can be removed and will unravel someday, as his voice will be forgotten and muffled through time. This is his living headstone.”

In the diverse media category, Matthew Kurniawan of Jakarta, Indonesia, was recognized for his symphonic poem “Gambaran Nusantara (Sketches of Indonesia).” Kurniawan, a first-year music composition major and classical guitarist, was inspired to compose this piece after a trip to Bali, where he watched a traditional performance of an energetic Kecak fire dance. The form of the piece was inspired by Indonesia’s national motto, which translates to “Unity in Diversity.” He writes, “The piece contains three contrasting sections, each with its own differing motifs, moods, and melodies, yet they are unified by a single recurring theme: a metallic, gamelan-like sonority emulated through xylophones, tubular bells, a glockenspiel, and a piano.”

An honorable mention in the diverse media category went to Alice Lubin-Meyer, a sophomore in photography from Lawrence. Using a large format view camera, Lubin-Meyer explored the meaning of “home” by taking documentary photographs of her grandparents’ longtime home as their lives changed due to aging and health concerns.

More information about the awards and excerpts from the recipients’ projects are available online.

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Don’t miss new episodes of “When Experts Attack!,”

a KU News Service podcast hosted by Kansas Public Radio.

 

https://kansaspublicradio.org/podcast/when-experts-attack

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Contact: Wendy Conover, KU Libraries, [email protected]

KU Libraries honors student employees at Dean’s Award luncheon

 

LAWRENCE — Leaders at the University of Kansas Libraries hosted the annual Dean’s Award for Student Employee Excellence (DASEE) award luncheon May 2, recognizing the essential contributions of student workers and highlighting outstanding student employees and ambassadors.

This year, 147 student employees contributed essential work across all major offices and divisions of KU Libraries.

“With the support of staff supervisors, student employees have significant impact on the reach and work of the libraries, engaging with multifaceted projects and meeting a wide range of patron needs,” Libraries Dean Carol Smith said to the DASEE lunch crowd of students and staff.

Nicholas Schemper, a senior in history and classics from Phillipsburg, was awarded a DASEE for his work in the Access Services Department at Anschutz Library. Schemper was honored for his reliability, initiative, and ability to collaborate with and supervise other student workers.

“With the long hours that we have at Anschutz, we really depend on our student supervisors a lot to help fill in gaps when other staff members can’t be there,” said Morgan Smith, Anschutz operations manager. “Nick is one of those people who you know, beyond a doubt you can depend on.”

Schemper has been instrumental in both daily operations and special projects over the past two years at Anschutz.

“As a student supervisor I will oversee everyday tasks that need to be done like shelving or scanning,” Schemper said. “Other times there will be big projects that we need to do, like last summer we had a huge shifting project where we literally shifted thousands and thousands of books, and it took every single one of our student workers.”

Hailey LaPlant, a senior from Scott City and Wichita, was honored for her contributions at the Watson Library circulation desk, where she has worked for five years. LaPlant’s responsibilities have grown over that time from covering the desk to helping guide and train new student employees. She also takes part in wellness-related efforts and plant care at the library. LaPlant has been especially helpful this year in covering extra shifts with increasing responsibilities to fill gaps in scheduling and staffing.

“My favorite thing over the past five years is just meeting all the people,” LaPlant said. “I know I’ve made some friends that I’ll keep for hopefully a lifetime. All the staff and students we work with, they’re amazing; it’s such a community.”

Cash prizes were awarded to the DASEE winners, who were nominated by supervisors and selected by a committee including members of the KU Libraries Board of Advocates. The DASEE Awards were established and are sustained through a gift from Lorraine Haricombe, former dean of KU Libraries .

In addition to libraries student employees, two members of the KU Libraries Student Ambassador Program (KULSAP) were also recognized for outstanding service. KULSAP members meet throughout the year with libraries’ leadership to engage and build awareness among fellow students and enhance libraries’ services and facilities. Margaret Baechle and Zoe Camarin were honored for their creativity, dedication and leadership in the group.

“It’s a really rewarding club, everyone in (KULSAP) is super fun and nice, and just enjoys being there,” said Baechle, a junior in English from St. Louis who served as president of KULSAP this year. “We have a lot of free range with what we can do.”

“It’s very beneficial not just through making connections, but also learning about what the libraries have to offer,” Camarin said.

Camarin, a freshman from Olathe, said KULSAP was the first club she joined at KU. “I’ve made some of my best friends in this club,” she said. “And I’ve learned things I probably wouldn’t have known if I just walked into the library.”

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KU News Service

1450 Jayhawk Blvd.

Lawrence KS 66045

Phone: 785-864-3256

Fax: 785-864-3339

[email protected]

http://www.news.ku.edu

 

Erinn Barcomb-Peterson, director of news and media relations, [email protected]

 

Today’s News is a free service from the Office of Public Affairs

The Harvey County Farmers Market

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The Harvey County Farmers Market begins May 18! This market is a long standing tradition that began back in 1983. We are located in the Old Mill parking lot West of the Breadbasket in Newton at 301 North Main.

 

This is a great place to get fresh vegetables (changes with the season), home baked goods, beef, and other homemade and home grown items produced locally for sale. In cooler months, the vegetables will be cool season crops and as the summer progresses we eventually have tomato, pepper, sweetcorn, melons and so much more!

 

There are many great reasons to support the farmers market! Buying food locally at the Harvey County Farmers Market ensures that your money is pumping up the local economy as opposed to million-dollar corporations. When you invest your money in local businesses, such as farmers and producers, you’re cutting out the middleman that grocery store chains have to also pay. When you make a purchase at a chain, percentages of the money go to a lot of different places (and people), so your dollar is less impactful within your community.

 

Alternatively, when you make a purchase at a local farmers market, the farmer pockets more of the money, therefore reinvesting that money into the local business in the community. Local businesses are also more likely to pay their employees fair wages, use sustainable practices, practice social justice, and care more about people and peoples’ well-being than their bottom line.

 

Chances are, not many of the employees at a big-chain grocery store are giving you nutrition or cooking advice — but when you shop at farmers markets, it’s usually just the opposite. Four out of five farmers tend to talk about farming practices with their market consumers and three in five discuss nutrition and how to prepare the food they are selling.

 

Mark your calendar for May 18 and the start of the 2024 Harvey County Farmers Market!

KU News: Accountability standards based on rules of democracy needed in times of rising political violence, scholar argues

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From the Office of Public Affairs | http://www.news.ku.edu

Headlines

Contact: Mike Krings, KU News Service, 785-864-8860, [email protected], @MikeKrings

Accountability standards based on rules of democracy needed in times of rising political violence, scholar argues

 

LAWRENCE — When a family or group of friends sit down to play a familiar game they’ve played many times before, they generally don’t need to refer to the rules — unless someone breaks them. The values of liberal democracy have been transgressed in numerous forms in the last decade, yet many are unfamiliar with what the “rule book” would say those values are.

A University of Kansas scholar who fears Americans have forgotten the rules of democracy has published a study calling for a renewed dedication to democratic values and assigning accountability standards for government workers and scholars.

Christopher Koliba, Edwin O. Stene Distinguished Professor of Public Affairs and Administration at KU, has written a piece that draws from contemporary political and legal philosophies of “small-l liberalism” and democracy to define a set of seven standards focusing on authority, rights, tolerance, truth claims and professional deference. The standards are especially timely in an age of growing populism, democratic backsliding and polarization, he wrote.

The work, published in the journal Public Administration Review and subject of a recent presentation by Koliba at the Kansas City and County Managers Conference, stemmed from research he conducted on the public health and administration crisis of 2020.

“I was looking for the potential that norms and standards were being violated here and then started to look at the literature on democracy, especially the small-l liberal variety that the U.S. and other systems were founded on,” Koliba said. “That led to revisiting the works of political philosophers about what is liberal democracy in the context of modern society and what it entails. I argue we’ve taken those values for granted and assume we all know what we’re talking about. I feel that is what we’re up against.”

Koliba examines liberalism not as it is commonly referred to in political discourse as being associated with certain political parties, such as the Democratic Party in the U.S. or Labor Party in the United Kingdom. Instead, he means the version that has shaped democracies with values such as eschewing abuse of power, preeminence of individual rights, honoring tolerance and restraint, and appealing to reason and truth.

Those values have been challenged the last decade as democracies around the world — including the United States, Poland, Hungary and Brazil — have seen rising populism, openness to authoritarianism, retractions of rights and apathy to truth-telling, Koliba said. That has also resulted in increasing threats of violence, incivility at public government meetings, polarization and false accusations.

“Politics has always been a contact sport, but when it comes to poll workers and local government administrators having their lives threatened while carrying out the public’s business, we need to have a clear set of democratic principles that we can at least debate and then hold each other accountable to. This should be the beginning of a conversation,” Koliba said.

That process should begin with a renewed dedication by public administrators and public administration scholars to a set of seven liberal democratic accountability standards outlined in the study:

Citizen authority standard: Citizens have authorizing and monitoring power over elected officials and democratic institutions.

Individual rights standards: Individuals in liberal democracies are endowed with rights to freedom of expression, assembly and pursuit of “the good life.”

Checked authority standard: Liberal democratic institutions and elected officials and public administrators who run them will have their powers checked and balanced.

Tolerance standard: Policy actors will exercise tolerance of differences.

Institutional forbearance standard: Policy actors will willfully restrain coercive actions to preserve existing accountability standards and democratic institutions.

Truthfulness standard: Policy actors are obligated to pursue and draw on truth claims as the basis of their practices and actions on behalf of the public.

Professional discretion standard: Professional policy actors will adhere to codes of conduct, ethics and standards of practice associated with the legal, political, bureaucratic and professional institutions of liberal democracies.

The standards can and should be debated, Koliba said, but they are especially timely given growing distrust in the government, deep and persistent polarization, growing expressions of intolerance and apathy toward truthfulness. Those trends present potential irreparable harm toward democratic institutions, necessitating the need for public officials and scholars to commit to historical standards and principles of liberal democracy.

While there has long been such disagreement, polarization and populism throughout democratic history, especially in the United States, current trends and resulting threats of politically motivated violence make the standards especially salient, Koliba said. For example, populist movements of the past such as the American Revolution, Women’s Suffrage and Civil Rights movements were dedicated to expanding rights instead of restricting them. Given recent exacerbation of those trends as well as democratic backsliding, liberal democratic accountability standards should be factored into public standards of accountability as well as empirical studies and theoretical frameworks, he said.

“It’s easy to take democracy for granted. I myself have done it,” Koliba said. “I’m thinking deeply about how to embrace these standards in the curriculum I teach. Our field is globalized, and there is a debate about universal values in public administration. I think there is a lot of work to be done to elevate democratic governance principles. And in speaking with some of our leaders of city and county government, I believe this sentiment resonates with them as well.”

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KU News Service

1450 Jayhawk Blvd.

Lawrence KS 66045

Phone: 785-864-3256

Fax: 785-864-3339

[email protected]

http://www.news.ku.edu

 

Erinn Barcomb-Peterson, director of news and media relations, [email protected]

 

Today’s News is a free service from the Office of Public Affairs