Saturday, February 21, 2026
Home Blog Page 541

KU News: Scholars say it’s time to declare a new epoch on the moon, the ‘Lunar Anthropocene’

0

From the Office of Public Affairs | http://www.news.ku.edu

Headlines

Contact: Brendan Lynch, KU News Service, 785-864-8855, [email protected], @BrendanMLynch

Scholars say it’s time to declare a new epoch on the moon, the ‘Lunar Anthropocene’

LAWRENCE — Human beings first disturbed moon dust on Sept. 13, 1959, when the USSR’s unmanned spacecraft Luna 2 alighted on the lunar surface. In the following decades, more than a hundred other spacecraft have touched the moon — both crewed and uncrewed, sometimes landing and sometimes crashing. The most famous of these were NASA’s Apollo Lunar Modules, which transported humans to the moon’s surface to the astonishment of humankind.

In the coming years, missions and projects already planned will change the face of the moon in more extreme ways. Now, according to anthropologists and geologists at the University of Kansas, it’s time to acknowledge humans have become the dominant force shaping the moon’s environment by declaring a new geological epoch for the moon: the Lunar Anthropocene.

In a comment published today in Nature Geoscience, they argue the new epoch may have dawned in 1959, thanks to Luna 2.

“The idea is much the same as the discussion of the Anthropocene on Earth — the exploration of how much humans have impacted our planet,” said lead author Justin Holcomb, a postdoctoral researcher with the Kansas Geological Survey at KU. “The consensus is on Earth the Anthropocene began at some point in the past, whether hundreds of thousands of years ago or in the 1950s. Similarly, on the moon, we argue the Lunar Anthropocene already has commenced, but we want to prevent massive damage or a delay of its recognition until we can measure a significant lunar halo caused by human activities, which would be too late.”

Holcomb collaborated on the paper with co-authors Rolfe Mandel, University Distinguished Professor of Anthropology and senior scientist with KGS, and Karl Wegmann, associate professor of marine, earth and atmospheric sciences at North Carolina State University.

Holcomb said he hopes the Lunar Anthropocene concept might help dispel the myth that the moon is an unchanging environment, barely impacted by humanity.

“Cultural processes are starting to outstrip the natural background of geological processes on the moon,” Holcomb said. “These processes involve moving sediments, which we refer to as ‘regolith,’ on the moon. Typically, these processes include meteoroid impacts and mass movement events, among others. However, when we consider the impact of rovers, landers and human movement, they significantly disturb the regolith. In the context of the new space race, the lunar landscape will be entirely different in 50 years. Multiple countries will be present, leading to numerous challenges. Our goal is to dispel the lunar-static myth and emphasize the importance of our impact, not only in the past but ongoing and in the future. We aim to initiate discussions about our impact on the lunar surface before it’s too late.”

While many outdoors enthusiasts are familiar with “Leave No Trace” principles, they don’t seem to exist on the moon. According to the authors, refuse from human missions to the moon includes “discarded and abandoned spacecraft components, bags of human excreta, scientific equipment, and other objects (e.g., flags, golf balls, photographs, religious texts).”

“We know that while the Moon does not have an atmosphere or magnetosphere, it does have a delicate exosphere composed of dust and gas, as well as ice inside permanently shadowed areas, and both are susceptible to exhaust gas propagation,” the authors wrote. “Future missions must consider mitigating deleterious effects on lunar environments.”

While Holcomb and his colleagues want to use the Lunar Anthropocene to highlight the potential for humanity’s potential negative environmental impact to the moon, they also hope to call attention to the vulnerability of lunar sites with historical and anthropological value, which currently have no legal or policy protections against disturbance.

“A recurring theme in our work is the significance of lunar material and footprints on the moon as valuable resources, akin to an archaeological record that we’re committed to preserving,” Holcomb said. “The concept of a Lunar Anthropocene aims to raise awareness and contemplation regarding our impact on the lunar surface, as well as our influence on the preservation of historical artifacts.”

The KU researcher said this field of “space heritage” would aim to preserve or catalog items such as rovers, flags, golf balls and footprints on the moon’s surface.

“As archaeologists, we perceive footprints on the moon as an extension of humanity’s journey out of Africa, a pivotal milestone in our species’ existence,” Holcomb said. “These imprints are intertwined with the overarching narrative of evolution. It’s within this framework we seek to capture the interest of not only planetary scientists but also archaeologists and anthropologists who may not typically engage in discussions about planetary science.”

-30-

————————————————————————

 

KU News Service

1450 Jayhawk Blvd.

Lawrence KS 66045

Phone: 785-864-3256

Fax: 785-864-3339

[email protected]

http://www.news.ku.edu

 

Erinn Barcomb-Peterson, director of news and media relations, [email protected]

 

Today’s News is a free service from the Office of Public Affairs

Our World’s Holiday Traditions

0

This past week has marked yet another holiday in the books for 2023. With Thanksgiving now passed we only have one major American Holiday left, Christmas. Call me the grinch, but Christmas doesn’t begin until Thanksgiving ends. Let the Autumn season have its time for goodness sake. Now that that’s out of the way; in addition to Christmas, we have a number of other holidays from other cultures including Hannukah and whatever manner of winter tradition you see fit for your family and their background. With that being said, I think it’s important to realize that there are indeed many different cultural practices for the beloved winter tradition. Across many parts of the world, Christmas signifies a time of rest and spending time with loved ones. So grab a cup of hot cocoa and take a gander at these vastly different cultural traditions for the celebration of the end of the year.

Starting with one of my favorite Christmas stories. The cultural aspect of a German Christmas is known as Krampus. This anti-Santa is featured on Krampuskarten (Krampus Cards) reminding children to behave in their families. Speaking truthfully, Krampus as a tradition actually predates Christianity in the Alpine region with it showing up in pagan tradition. After Christmas arrived in this region, Krampus was incorporated into the tradition and children were warned not to misbehave lest Krampus overhear them and he comes to gobble them up.

Another place for interesting Christmas traditions is right to our southern border. Mexico has a number of different Christmas celebrations despite the fact that they are a bit lacking in the snowy weather department. Be that as it may, they may have more holiday spirit than we Americans do, with their Christmas season lasting from mid-December to early January, and an additional day on February 2nd. Talk about an extended celebration. They also have this rather neat tradition called Las Posadas, where the children of Mexico go to different doors of inns asking for shelter. This is meant to signify the original story of Mary and Joseph seeking shelter on the night Jesus was born. In some ways, it’s similar to our tradition of going door-to-door caroling.

To switch gears entirely, I thought it would be interesting to talk about the Hanukkah traditions of Jewish communities. Hanukkah itself is a tradition that commemorates the rededication of the Second Temple after the Jewish people overthrew their Greek-Syrian oppressors. This 7-day long festival typically ends on the 26th of December with a Festival of Lights as they finish lighting the menorah.

A little further north we have another rather interesting set of traditions in Ukrainian society. Now, it’s important to note that it’s difficult to know the extent of which these traditions are still followed today with the increasingly prolonged war happening in Ukraine. However, there is one rather interesting Christmas Eve dinner tradition known as the Sviata Vecheria (Holy Dinner). This dinner is not so simple however, in fact, it has 12 individual dishes served. Each of these 12 relating directly to one of the 12 disciples of Jesus. Got to be honest, I can’t imagine a higher honor than having some delicious food be named after me.

Overall it was rather interesting to see the differences between so many different cultures and their distinct differences and similarities with our own Winter Holiday celebrations. It’s also

important to note that this article should serve to show a small portion of the amazing diversity of celebrations our world has to offer. We shouldn’t judge one another for the differences we have in celebration, except maybe for that one neighbor who goes all out on lawn ornaments… just kidding!

More Than 8,000 Wild Horses And Burros Find New Homes

0

As part of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM’s) efforts to manage and protect wild horses and burros on public lands, the agency and its partners helped place 8,045 wild horses and burros into new homes in Fiscal Year 2023, saving approximately $181 million in taxpayer money.

“Giving a good forever home to a wild horse or burro is not only a rewarding experience, but it helps support our efforts to keep the wild herds and their habitat healthy on public lands,” said BLM Director Tracy Manning. “I am incredibly grateful and humbled by those who choose to adopt a wild horse or burro.”

Of the wild horses and burros placed into new homes, 6,220 animals were adopted, 1,798 were sold, and 27 were transferred to other government agencies. This is the second-highest number of animals placed into new homes in more than 25 years.

Wild horses and burros adopted through the BLM’s Adoption Incentive Program accounted for approximately 36 percent, a total of 2,908 animals, placed into new homes in Fiscal Year 2023.

The Adoption Incentive Program offers $1,000 upon titling of a wild horse or burro, at least one year from adoption date. The incentive program has been credited with reinvigorating adoptions of wild horses and burros since its launch in 2019.

The BLM offers wild horses and burros for adoption, sale, and transfer in support of its efforts to manage and protect free-roaming herds on public lands as required by the 1971 Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act.

Most herds on public lands are located in arid environments and lack natural predators that can control herd growth.

As a result, herds grow quickly and can overwhelm the food and water available to them, which not only damages the land they need to survive, but it can also eventually lead to starvation and thirst.

To protect wild horses and burros from overpopulation, the BLM periodically gathers excess animals and makes them available to qualified homes.

With some time and patience, adopting a wild horse or burro can be a very rewarding experience, Manning said.

Wild horses and burros are extremely adaptable and can be trained for many uses, according to Manning.

Wild horses have become champions in dressage, jumping, barrel racing, endurance riding, and pleasure riding, while burros excel in driving, packing, riding, guarding, and serving as companion animals.

Both wild horses and wild burros are known for their sure-footedness, strength, intelligence, and endurance.

More than 290,000 wild horses and burros have been placed into new homes since the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act was passed in 1971.

The BLM could not have accomplished this success without the help and support of its many partners and volunteers who work tirelessly on behalf of the nation’s wild horses and burros, Manning said.

The adoption process includes several provisions designed to ensure animals placed in private homes receive good care.

In instances the BLM becomes aware of an untitled animal being sold without authorization, the agency takes immediate action to retrieve the animal and sanction the adopter.

The BLM manages more than 245 million acres of public land located primarily in 12 western states, including Alaska, on behalf of the American people.

The BLM also administers 700 million acres of sub-surface mineral estate throughout the nation.

+++30++

Changes In Horse Business

0
Frank J Buchman
Frank Buchman

“Raising horses for profit is a complex business endeavor.”

For a grocery store carryout boy, there were many opportunities, foremost the vast friendships. Knowing everybody in town came from twice daily free home delivery of groceries.

Youth life couldn’t have been better except there was always the desire to be a cowboy with a horse. After continued pleading, parents finally purchased a brown and white spotted mare for an 11-year-old wannabe.

There was never a happier day in his life, but it was unimaginable what that horse developed into.

Spot was mated to the buckskin stallion Peppy Creek and foaled a filly called Missy Creek. That was the meager beginning of a horse breeding operation extending more than six decades.

Some years only one foal was raised but the operation grew to more than 30 producing mares. Spot was an unregistered mare who had three full sibling foals including Buchman’s Queen.

By paying hardship fees, “Queen” was registered as a Pinto who has fifth generation granddaughters now in production. Quarter Horses are the most demanded mounts for Flint Hills cowboys, so today’s broodmare band is mostly registered Quarter Horses.

Interestingly all the ranches’ horses Pintos and Quarter Horses still relate back to Peppy Creek. However, a half dozen different stallions with prominent ranch horse performance pedigrees have been used for mating mares.

Mares have always been managed like the ranch cow-calf operation. They run in pastures with a stallion, different than some breeders who manually mate stallions to mares.

As the business grew, an annual production sale was conducted to merchandize the foals. It was a major task registering the foals, breaking them to lead, and preparing a catalog for the on-ranch auction.

Well behind certain big name horse breeders’ sale averages, the foals were in strong demand from buyers throughout the Midwest. Horse income helped pay major ranch debts.

When the economy changed, foal prices declined below previous times. What was a romance raising and selling foals became hard work with little financial reward.

There had been 25 public horse auctions when it was decided to discontinue the annual sale. The horse business continues at a smaller scale with six mares raising foals sold at private treaty.

Reminded of James 1:17: “Every gift is from above so there is no shadow due to change.”

+++ALLELUIA+++

XVII–52–12-24-2023

Caring for Your House Plants

0

House plants are fun to have around in the winter time. They definitely brighten the indoor environment as many of us spend more time inside than out in the winter.

 

Here are a few things to keep in mind when caring for your plants. During the winter, houseplants typically need less water than in the summer due to reduced hours of sunlight. Err on the side of caution and use tepid water instead of cold water. Overly wet soils can lead to increased numbers of fungus gnats that lay eggs in the wet soil.

 

When purchasing houseplants during the winter, be sure to protect the foliage from the cold on the trip home. Place plants in a cardboard box or other protective covering to prevent damage to leaves.

 

On extremely cold nights, move houseplants back from icy windows to prevent chilling injury.

 

Holiday poinsettias do best with bright, indirect light and night temperatures in the 50-60’s. Keep plants away from drafts, registers, and radiators. Let the soil dry only slightly between thorough waterings. Ensure the water can drain and evaporate; punch holes in the decorative foil if needed.

 

Be sure to check houseplants often for common pests: aphids, spider mites, scale, mealybugs, whiteflies, and thrips.