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Feral hog toxicant approved in Texas and Oklahoma

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Feral hogs remain a plague to areas of Oklahoma and Texas and as their populations build, they continue to damage crops and spread disease to livestock. The removal methods such as traps and hunting are time-consuming and barely make a dent in a problem that is out of control. However, two Southern Plains states have approved a new method for feral hog removal that could be a step toward controlling wild hog populations.

Texas approved the use of Kaput Feral Hog Bait in February and it is now registered for use by licensed pesticide applicators for controlling feral hogs. Texas has a particularly large population of feral hogs and these invasive species have been found in nearly every county in the Lone Star State. U.S. Department of Agriculture indicates there is more than $200 million in damages in Texas each year to crop and livestock production due to feral pigs.

Oklahoma followed with their approval of the toxicant in April. The Oklahoma Cattlemen’s Association made an official request from the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry to accept the toxicant for use in feral hogs.

“Feral swine cause millions of dollars of damage to Oklahoma property through their destructive behaviors destroying range, pasture and hay lands,” the request stated. “OCA members share experiences of overnight loss of entire hay fields due the rooting behaviors of feral swine. Additionally, improved crops that could be used directly or harvested for forage are destroyed by feral swine.”

Kaput is a Warfarin-based anticoagulant, which stops blood clotting and leads to death. Unlike other toxicants, there is an antidote—Vitamin K1—for accidental poisoning of pets or wildl­ife. Kaput is designed to kill rats, mice, voles, moles, black-tailed prairie dogs, California ground squirrels, pocket gophers, fleas, ticks and feral hogs. Use of this rodenticide is expected to make more of an impact on the feral hog population than previous methods of removal.

Summer is coming: Remember your sunscreen

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Summer is knocking on the door, which for many folks means picnics and swimming and gardening and other outdoor activities.

Summer also means sun. Lots and lots of sun.

Ashley Svaty, a family and consumer sciences specialist at K-State’s Northwest Research-Extension Center in Colby, said it’s “critically important that we think about protecting our skin’s health.”

“There is a statistic (from the American Academy of Dermatology) that it only takes one blistering sunburn during childhood or adolescence to nearly double a person’s chance of developing melanoma,” Svaty said. “So even when we’re younger, we have to be mindful of the sun’s rays, and as adults, we have to be role models and help protect those kids and babies.”

Researchers say that a little sun is good for the body and mind: 20 minutes of sunshine helps in producing vitamin D, supports bone health, relieves blood pressure and promotes good mental health.

But too much sun can lead to longer-term, negative health effects.

“We need to protect ourselves when outside,” Svaty said. “I understand if we work in a field, or those that have outdoor jobs. Seek shade as much as you can, but if you can’t find shade, wear a white brim hat and sunglasses to protect those eyes, and wear UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) protective clothing.”

Another common term associated with sunscreen for the skin – SPF – stands for Sun Protection Factor. Sunscreens are sold with varying levels of SPF, but Svaty said the level that one buys – as long as it is 30 SPF or higher – is less important than routinely re-applying protection every two hours while outdoors.

“The big thing to remember is that you can get as high of an SPF as you want, but remembering to re-apply that every two hours is critically important,” Svaty said. “The majority of people don’t put enough sunscreen on the first time, and then they don’t re-apply later. SPF 30 or higher is fine, but remember to re-apply every two hours.”

Svaty noted a few extra things to keep in mind:

  • The type of sunscreen one uses – spray, lotion or other – doesn’t matter. It’s a personal preference.
  • Cover as much skin as possible when outside. SPF clothing is one good way to do this, while remaining comfortable.
  • Use sunscreen all year round. The sun’s reflection off snow in the winter can be equally damaging to skin.
  • Remember vulnerable spots when applying sunscreen, touch as top of head, tips of ears and back of neck.
  • Discard expired sunscreen and keep a fresh tube year-round.

More information on sun protection is available online from the American Academy of Dermatology and the American Cancer Society, or speak to a board certified dermatologist.

Lovina Thanks Readers for Their Prayers

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Today is already the last day of April. Four months of 2024 have passed already. Where does time go? One week after another slips by.

Today, my husband Joe has an appointment with the doctor that did his surgery last week. Joe has been off work for a week due to getting a splinter in his hand as long as a toothpick while at work. He went to the hospital after it happened, and they couldn’t find it through the X-ray. Joe stayed home from work for a few days because his hand hurt so bad and kept swelling up. Joe doesn’t usually complain much if he gets a splinter, but this time he had a lot of pain. 

He went back to the hospital on Thursday morning. I was thinking he would leave and come right back, but he was admitted to the hospital, and they prepared to do surgery. He had a bad infection in his hand from the splinter. I went to the hospital to be there when he had surgery and stayed overnight at the hospital with him. We came home on Friday in the late afternoon. The doctor wanted Joe to stay another night, as they were concerned about his blood pressure and sugar levels. They had a heart monitor on him while we were there. Joe didn’t want to stay another night. He thought he would feel better once he was back home. He needs to go see his family doctor about this though. 

So our day went different than planned. We had intentions of going to the wedding of Norman and Katie Ann. 

Our children went for the wedding supper. Son Joseph and special friend Grace were evening servers at the wedding. 

Friday, on our way home from the hospital, Joe and I stopped at my brother Albert’s to see how he was doing. He has lost so much weight since his cancer diagnosis. He seemed in good spirits, and we had a nice visit with Albert and Sarah Irene. Albert and Joe worked together at the Metal and Truss Shop, so they were used to seeing each other every day. 

Albert had an appointment at the doctor yesterday. They were going to do more tests to see what should be done next. A hospice nurse comes out there every four days to take his vitals and change his colostomy bag.  

Today, we will drop sister Verena off at Albert’s while we go to Joe’s appointment; then, we will go visit Albert after the appointment and pick Verena up. 

Joe had the same doctor do his surgery as son Benjamin had to remove the 3 1/2-inch nail. Hopefully no one else in the family will need his services. 

We appreciate all the prayers for Albert and thank you for your continued prayers. May God help Albert accept what the future holds for him. We know God’s ways are not always our ways. God makes no mistakes, but how we long for Albert to be cured. Let thy will be done!

Albert’s son-in-law Amos is improving. After a second opinion, his illness might not be cancer. We pray he will continue to heal. 

On Wednesday, my daughters and I plan to go help at sister Emma’s house. Her son Benjamin and Crystal will host church services in two weeks. I want to make a casserole to take along for our lunch. Benjamin lives on the same property as Emma.

I made three rhubarb custard pies last night. Also, a chicken pot pie in a 9×13 pan, which I made for Albert; I will also take a pie. Hopefully it’ll help out a little. One of these rhubarb custard pies disappeared fast last night with supper as it was still warm. 

It takes more effort to bake something right now, as my oven in the house gave up on me. I have an older stove in the pole barn that I can use, but you need to go check to see if something is done every time, and it takes a lot of running back and forth. With Joe losing out on work, I’m not sure if we can get a new one before the wedding. The cost of groceries has gone up a lot since our last wedding. Take one day at a time and let go and let God. May he bless all of you. 

Rhubarb Custard Pie

1 1/2 cups rhubarb (cut in small pieces)

2 tablespoons flour

2 eggs

1 cup sugar

3/4 cup cream or whole milk

1 (9-inch) pie shell, unbaked

Place rhubarb in pie shell. Mix flour, eggs, sugar, and cream or whole milk well and pour over rhubarb. Bake at 350 degrees for 45 minutes. 

Lovina’s Amish Kitchen is written by Lovina Eicher, Old Order Amish writer, cook, wife, and mother of eight. Her two cookbooks, The Essential Amish Cookbook and Amish Family Recipes, are available wherever books are sold. Readers can write to Eicher at Lovina’s Amish Kitchen, PO Box 234, Sturgis, MI 49091 (please include a self-addressed stamped envelope for a reply); or email [email protected] and your message will be passed on to her to read. She does not personally respond to emails.

Drivers keep illegally passing stopped school buses. How can Kansas keep kids safe?

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Education officials estimate that every day in Kansas, about 1,000 drivers illegally pass a stopped school bus as it picks up or drops off children.

“When a student gets on or off the bus that, we consider that the most dangerous time,” said Keith Dreiling, the bus safety director at the Kansas State Department of Education. “Because if they’re on the bus, they’re protected inside the bus, but as soon as they exit the bus, this is when we’re going to have issues.”

But with the Legislature not acting on a proposal to help law enforcement crack down on violators of the state stop arm law, the Kansas State Board of Education is pursuing a regulatory change in an attempt to make it safer when loading and unloading a bus.

Legislator: House speaker canceled hearing on a school bus safety bill

In September 2020, 7-year-old Cecilia Graf was killed on her way to school in Abilene. The Dickinson County sheriff said Graf was crossing the street to board her bus, which was stopped with lights flashing, when a 15-year-old high school student hit the girl.

In the 2021 legislative session, lawmakers considered House Bill 2154 to allow cameras on school buses to be used by law enforcement to issue $250 civil penalties to drivers who illegally pass a stopped bus. Educators and law enforcement testified in support, while no one opposed it.

“We do not have any provisions in state law right now that allow for civil penalties to be assessed off of video cameras,” said Rep. Scott Hill, R-Abilene. “Other states do that. Kansas has never started doing it.”

The bill made it out of committee but never got a vote in the full House. Then in 2022, it again made it out of committee but didn’t get a vote in the House.

Hill reintroduced the idea in 2023 with House Bill 2251. It didn’t get a hearing last year or this year, and it’s now dead because it didn’t advance by a legislative deadline.

“I had a hearing scheduled on it, and the hearing got canceled,” Hill told the state board in March. “It’s taken me a little while to figure out exactly what is going on.”

What he found out is “the biggest thing comes back to an invasion of people’s privacy, and people are nervous about that.”

Hill said House Speaker Dan Hawkins, R-Wichita, decided to cancel the hearing. A spokesperson for Hawkins didn’t respond to a request for comment.

“They’re not comfortable establishing civil penalties. They need to watch a few more of these videos of people going by buses,” Hill said, referring to videos of drivers illegally passing school buses. “A thousand times in a day is shocking.”

Hill promised to reintroduce the bill next year, if he wins reelection this fall. In the meantime, Hill suggested that maybe schools could put cameras on buses and then publish videos on Facebook to publicly shame violators.

“I don’t know whether this is possible, but in many cases, people being embarrassed on social media might be a stronger deterrent than the $250 that you just pay and it goes away,” Hill said. “Maybe there’s something we can do. We need to make a bigger deal of this before another child gets hit.”

Can state board regulatory change make bus stops safer?

With the Legislature not moving on the camera bill, the state board of education hopes that changing regulations on bus routes and pickup and drop-off areas will mitigate the dangers that children face.

Earlier this month, the board received a proposed amendment to school bus safety regulations. That sets the board up to potentially vote next month on whether to proceed with the formal regulation adoption process.

Scott Gordon, general counsel for the Kansas State Department of Education, said the change would add a requirement that the local transportation supervisor shall, when practical, “avoid establishing stops that would require students to cross any roadway.”

That change would make it so buses, if they aren’t already, would stop on the same side of the road as where they pick up or drop off the students.

“It mirrors the guidance that we already provide to school districts,” Gordon said. “This merely makes it a bit stronger by putting it specifically in regulation.”

State board member Jim Porter, R-Fredonia, described it as making sure the bus is stopping in the safest place.

The regulation change would attempt to make a difference in an area that schools can control, but it would not address driver behavior.

“It seems like what we need to be doing is addressing the driver, the adult, the people that are behind the wheel of the car,” said state board member Michelle Dombrosky, R-Olathe.

How often are drivers illegally passing stopped school buses in Kansas?

“The most dangerous time for students is when they get on and off the bus,” said Dreiling, the bus safety director.

That’s in large part due to drivers not stopping for the stop arm.

Every year, the Education Department collects data on school bus stop arm violations. The data is collected on a single day by participating schools.

Rabies once again diagnosed in Reno County

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A veterinary service in Reno County is reporting another case of rabies.

On Friday afternoon, Ninnescah Veterinary Service LLC, 13408 S. Mohawk Road, Hutchinson, shared on social media they had just diagnosed a positive case of rabies in a farm cat.

A previous case in December resulted in a human being bitten.

The clinic said it was a similar scenario to the December case, except with no humans in danger this time.

“One of eighteen farm cats started attacking her kittens and acting strange,” the clinic said. “Rabies is a fatal disease in both humans and animals. Please get your animals vaccinated for rabies.”

The clinic said the two cases are unrelated.

“We have rabies vaccination clinics once a week in a different town for the month of April all in an attempt to get as many animals vaccinated as possible,” the clinic said. “Rabies vaccine has been proven to be very successful at preventing the disease.”

Spring Fertilizer Application for Cool Season Turf

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Lawns should typically be fertilized when they are actively growing. Cool-season grasses such as Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass benefit from being fertilized in fall and late spring. The fall application is important as it helps the turf build up food reserves enabling it to green up earlier in the spring. Cool-season grasses usually have a flush of growth in mid-spring using up much of the stored energy. By applying fertilizer shortly after this growth, the turf is able to replenish the depleted nutrients ensuring the plants are strong heading into the stress of summer. A slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is best for the May application. Liquid or dry fertilizer are fine, though dry tends to be easier for homeowners to apply.

Warm-season grasses such as bermudagrass, buffalograss and zoysiagrass should be fertilized in late spring and/or summer. (https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/mf2324.pdf)
Always read the fertilizer label for the correct rate and specific instructions.

  • Sweep dry fertilizers off hard surfaces and back onto the lawn to prevent it from washing into storm drains polluting our waterways.
  • Water after applying fertilizer if rain is not in immediate forecast.

Planting Warm Season Veggies

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Most of our warm-season vegetables can be planted in early May, however, winter squash and pumpkins should be delayed until mid to late June. The first generation of squash bugs is active in July. Delaying the planting date for squash will result in younger plants that can escape this round of squash bug damage. Plants will need protection from the second generation of squash bugs which is present in August.

A Mid-Scale Anaerobic Biodigester Creates On-Farm Renewable Energy

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I’ve always found ways to turn “waste materials” into useful resources on the farm fascinating. On my farm, I tried to reuse and recycle resources as much as possible to close the off-farm input loop. I think farms can become more resilient as they rely on fewer off farm inputs. So, when I heard of the mid-scale anaerobic digester being installed at Dickenson College Organic Farm as a demonstration of how small dairy farms can utilize manure and other waste streams to produce on farm energy, I was eager for the opportunity to visit the farm and help spread the word to other farms.

In November 2023, NCAT Agriculture Specialist Eric Fuchs-Stengel and I had that opportunity. We traveled to Dickenson College Organic Farm in Carlisle, PA to visit Matt Steiman, Farm Energy and Livestock Manager at the farm. The farm is a beautiful certified organic working farm situated on 90 acres in the south-central part of the state where they grow vegetables and raise beef, lamb, and layers. Eric and I were there to shoot a video tour of the newly installed, mid-scale anaerobic biodigester that transforms manure from a neighboring dairy, as well as food waste from the college dining hall and local restaurants, into natural gas that can be used to generate heat and electricity.

This biodigester project comes after years of biofuel research and experimentation by Steiman at the college. The idea of using waste products from the farm and local area to produce fuel and power greatly intrigued Steiman, so he started making biodiesel that converted waste cooking oil into fuel to run equipment on the farm. Since the glycerin byproduct from biodiesel production can be useful in anaerobic digestion of organic matter that produces natural gas, he started experimenting in 2010 with small anaerobic digester systems to utilize glycerin, leading to a series of larger systems and culminating with the latest farm-scale biodigester.

The process of anaerobic digestion for production of natural gas is straightforward. A sealed tank creates an anaerobic, or oxygen-free, environment where a slurry of organic matter can be “eaten” or digested by microbes that thrive at certain temperatures in low-oxygen conditions. The methane gas given off from the microbes in this process rises to the top of the tank to an outlet tube where it can be collected and used as a fuel source for heat or electric production. The leftover digestate, which contains all the nutrients from the original waste material, is collected and spread on farm fields.

The size and cost of this new biodigester project required very specific design considerations to ensure that it was sized properly to match the expected waste flow and operate as intended. The digester tank is a 10-foot tall, 115,000-gallon, 50-foot-diameter cement tank buried 8 feet in the ground and sealed with a heavy-duty rubber covering. In the tank are heater pipes and an agitator to mix the slurry. A free-style barn was built next to the tank to house the dairy cows and heifers. At one end of the barn are three in-ground cement tanks that make up the waste-collection system for the digester. One tank is for daily manure collection, the second is for food waste collection (up to 3 tons per day), and the third is for collecting the digestate material remaining after the digestion process. The digestate goes through a liquid removal process and can then be used for bedding in the barn. The liquid portion of the digestate is staged to be used as a nutrient source for the farm’s crop fields and compost piles.

This digester is sized to produce enough gas to match a 50-kilowatt (kW) combined heat and power (CHP) engine. An engine from the European company TEDOM adapted to biogas was chosen for the job. The power produced will first be used to supply the power needs of the farm and the biodigester itself with excess electric production being sold back to the local utility company. This unique 150-cow-scale digester is small compared to other on farm digesters in the United States.

Funding for this project was secured from multiple sources, including NRCS’s Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP). For farmers looking for biodigester funding, Steinman had several suggestions. First, he said, talk to your Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) county office. In addition, the Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) is a grant program administered through USDA’s Rural Development office. Through REAP, farmers and rural businesses who meet grant criteria can apply for grant funding up to 50% of the cost of an on-farm alternative energy project, including anaerobic biodigesters. Steiman also suggested talking to your state Department of Agriculture and Department of Environmental Management or Protection as funding sources. It is also worth investigating local conservation districts and utility companies that may offer funding for on-farm alternative energy projects.

Funding for this project was secured from multiple sources, including NRCS’s Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP). For farmers looking for biodigester funding, Steinman had several suggestions. First, he said, talk to your Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) county office. In addition, the Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) is a grant program administered through USDA’s Rural Development office. Through REAP, farmers and rural businesses who meet grant criteria can apply for grant funding up to 50% of the cost of an on-farm alternative energy project, including anaerobic biodigesters. Steiman also suggested talking to your state Department of Agriculture and Department of Environmental Management or Protection as funding sources. It is also worth investigating local conservation districts and utility companies that may offer funding for on-farm alternative energy projects.

With this new biodigester, Steiman and Dickenson College are using farm and food-waste streams to generate renewable energy right on the farm and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. With nearly 5,000 dairy farms in Pennsylvania alone with an average herd size of 100 cows, this project is intended to showcase how biogas production can work for mid-sized farms across the state and the country. The college is partnering with Penn State University and agriculture producer groups like PASA Sustainable Agriculture to use this project as an on-the-ground demonstration of properly sized biodigester design and implementation and to educate farmers on the benefits of biogas production at this scale.

By Chris Lent, NCAT Agriculture Specialist

Related ATTRA Resources:

Episode 350. Mid-Scale Biodigester with Matt Steiman of Dickinson College

Biodiesel Use, Handling, and Fuel Quality 

Micro-Scale Biogas Production: A Beginners Guide 

Anaerobic Digestion of Animal Wastes: Factors to Consider

Other Resources:

Biogas – Dickinson College Organic Farm 

Organic Farm Dickinson College – YouTube 

Rural Energy for America Program Renewable Energy Systems & Energy Efficiency Improvement Guaranteed Loans & Grants 

On-Farm Energy Initiative, NRCS 

Produced by the National Center for Appropriate Technology through the ATTRA Sustainable Agriculture program, under a cooperative agreement with USDA Rural Development. ATTRA.NCAT.ORG.

 

Can Kansas lure the Kansas City Chiefs to leave Missouri? Lawmakers didn’t vote on it.

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ansas lawmakers ended the legislative session without passing a plan intended to help make a pitch for the Kansas City Chiefs to leave Missouri and relocate across state lines.

Legislators met Monday afternoon on the penultimate day of the legislative session to discuss proposed changes to an economic development program. Despite agreement on the proposal, the bill never got a vote before the Legislature adjourned early Wednesday morning.

The “temporary and targeted changes” would be to sales tax and revenue bonds, said Rep. Sean Tarwater, R-Stilwell, as he wore a Chiefs lapel pin.

“We called this meeting because of recent events in the Kansas City region where there was a vote to extend sales tax for the Kansas City Chiefs and the Kansas City Royals, which failed pretty miserably,” Tarwater said. “We kind of had an idea that was going to happen, so we’ve been working on some sort of a solution for them for some time now without their involvement.

“We just want to make sure that we have the right plan for when the time is right for us to start those negotiations.”

The government subsidy bill won support from a conference committee.

“We see an incredible opportunity, an exciting opportunity, to put Kansas on the map along with states that have professional sports,” said Sen. Renee Erickson, R-Wichita.

Is there still a chance Kansas lawmakers make a play for the Chiefs?

But the STAR bond bill was never brought up for a vote Monday or Tuesday before the Legislature adjourned. Internal political differences among Republican leadership appear to be to blame in addition to fear of a narrative that lawmakers were giving tax breaks to a large company while failing to secure meaningful tax relief for Kansans.

Gov. Laura Kelly has already vowed to call a special session because she will veto the tax cut plan passed by legislators on the last day.

Tarwater said lawmakers could try again at making a play for the Chiefs during the special session. But the process would be more laborious since they would have to start over, hold actual commerce committee hearings and have floor debates and possible amendment. The attempt during veto session did not follow that normal legislative process.

“That’s going to be something that we’re not going to have a whole lot of time to do,” he said early Wednesday morning after the House adjourned. “Who know? Maybe? Because we did have the votes on both sides, and I’m very disappointed that they didn’t even take it up.”

STAR bond districts would try to lure NFL, MLB, NBA or NHL teams

The plan would have been done through a gut-and-go of House Bill 2663. It would authorize STAR bond districts to build a new stadium and practice facilities with a minimum investment of $1 billion. Up to two professional sports teams from the NFL, MLB, NBA or NHL could use the program.

Local cities and counties wouldn’t have to offer their own incentives, but they could in what Tarwater likened to a bidding process among local governments in Kansas.

“We want to make sure that since Jackson County dropped the ball here that we’re in a position to do a scoop and score,” Tarwater said before the plan failed.

Voters in Jackson County, Missouri, rejected a sales tax for the Chiefs and Royals. The Kansas plan wouldn’t necessarily require any public votes.

“It’s important to note that no Kansans will be asked to pay any more taxes than they currently are,” Tarwater said. “There won’t be a vote for sales tax because of this bill. This bill can happen in either way. We are using tomorrow’s money to pay, and it’s tomorrow’s money that we otherwise wouldn’t receive because these structures will bring it in the business and they will cause development around them.”

As reported in the Topeka Capital Journal

Think of pets when needing to change lifestyle

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If you or your family member is getting older and looking to downsize, think ahead about what that might mean for your pet.

“A lot of it is knowing your pets,” said Erica Miller, DVM with Apple Lane Animal Hospital. “You went from your pets being able to run around and have all this land and kind of free roam and now, you’re in an apartment. Your lifestyle changed. Are you getting up early and going on walks to release some of that energy for your pet. Are you doing walks after work? Can you go home at lunch and do a quick walk? Walks are good for us, too.”

It’s also sometimes best for the animal to be offered to a different owner who may have a similar living situation to what is being left behind.

“We’ll have elderly clients that are like, hey, we’ve got to move,” Miller said. “We can’t take our pets with us. Rehoming is always an option. Sometimes that can be hard for the owner, but sometimes the owner knows. They’re like, hey, I need to rehome my pet, because it’s not fair to them to not have these things that they have always had. I want them to have those things. There’s always that.

Miller says there are times where she’s able to match up current clients with prospective ones.

“A lot of times, it’s like, I don’t want a puppy,” Miller said. “I don’t want to do the potty training. I don’t want to do this. I want a dog that’s already older and just kind of ready to enter the family. If you’re talking with your veterinarian and you’re in regularly, we know your pet. A lot of times we know if they’d be a good fit for someone who is looking for someone just like them.”

If you have other questions, you can call Miller’s office at (620) 662-0515.