Monday, February 9, 2026
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Hornworms on Tomatoes

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Description: The larval stage is a 3 ½ to 4-inch long pale, green caterpillar. There are five pairs of prolegs and a horn on the last segment. The tobacco hornworm has seven diagonal white stripes and usually a red horn. The tomato hornworm has Vshaped markings and a blue/black horn. The adult moth has a stout, grayish-colored body with wings that span 4 to 5 inches.

Life Cycle: In the larval stage the hornworm caterpillar passes through four or five stages before reaching full size. This process takes about one month. The caterpillar pupates in the soil giving rise to an adult moth. The adult of the tobacco hornworm is the Carolina sphinx moth. The adult of the tomato hornworm is the five-spotted hawk moth. There are two generations each year.

Damage: Hornworm larva are the damaging stage and are typically found on tomatoes,
but feed on eggplant, peppers and potatoes as well. Caterpillars devour leaves and
stems leaving behind dark green or black droppings.

Control: Hornworms are parasitized by several insects including the small braconid wasp which lays eggs on the larva. When the eggs hatch, the wasp larva feed on the hornworm devouring it from the inside killing the hornworm.

To avoid harming beneficial insects, handpicking hornworms is the recommended control.
Hornworms camouflage themselves among the leaves making it difficult to find them.

Bt (Dipel, Thuricide), Spinosad (Conserv, Captain Jack’s Dead Bug Brew, Monterey
Garden Insect Spray), cyfluthrin (BioAdvanced Vegetable & Garden Insect Spray) are a
few insecticides that can be effective at controlling hornworms. Always follow label
instructions and pay close attention to the harvest interval.

 

Squash Bugs

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Description: Eggs are 1/16-inch in diameter and change from light brown to dark red. Young nymphs are pale green with red antennae which later turn black. As the nymphs develop, they turn a light to dark grey color. Mature nymphs are up to ½-inch long and wingless. Adults are ½ to ¾-inch long and dark-brown in color. The wings are brownish-black with orange markings on the outer edge of the body. If crushed, adult squash bugs emit a foul odor.
 
Life Cycle: Squash bugs overwinter as adults. From late-May through June they seek a plant host. From June through mid-August, after mating, females lay eggs in clusters on the stems and undersides of leaves. Within 7 to 14 days nymphs hatch and go through multiple stages of development. By 4-6 weeks, the adult squash bug is fully developed.
 
Damage:  The primary hosts for squash bugs include summer/winter squash and pumpkins but they will feed on other cucurbits as well. Adults and nymphs have piercing-sucking mouthparts which they use to suck fluids from leaves, stems and fruits. Young plants are at a great risk for destruction from squash bugs, though mature plants can be severely damaged as well if the pest population is high. Damage appears as small yellow specks on leaves. Stem damage causes wilting and leaves will dry up and shrivel. Feeding on fruit affects the quality by causing distortion and scarring along with sunken areas.
 
Control: Preventative management is the best recommendation. Scout for pests in the garden regularly. Look on the undersides of leaves and the stems for eggs early in the season. Remove plant debris to reduce overwintering habitats. Physically remove and destroy eggs, nymphs and adult bugs from plants as you find them. Use floating row covers, if garden size allows, to exclude pests from accessing plants.
Horticulture oils can be effective if applied on eggs. Young nymphs can be controlled with insecticides. Weekly application may be necessary for complete control. Adult squash bugs have a thick, waxy cuticle that makes insecticides ineffective. Ensure thorough coverage of the plant for best results. See your local extension agent or KSRE Publication: Squash Bugs for insecticide recommendations.
For more information about squash bugs see KSRE Publication: Squash Bug

Onions

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Photo courtesy: K-State Horticulture

In the spring, we plant many onions in the Giving Garden in town.  At last check they were looking great and soon it will be time to harvest.  There are signs of this you can observe.  As onion bulbs reach maturity, the tops fall over to the ground. When one-half of your crop of onions have tops that have fallen over it is time to harvest. Either dig or pull the onions from the ground, keeping the tops intact. Before storing, the onions need time to cure. Hang them in a warm location out of direct sunlight that has good airflow. In two to four weeks the tops should be dry. Cut the roots and tops so only 1/2 -inch remains. Store the bulbs in a container that allows air flow such as a mesh bag. The bulbs need to be kept in a room with cool temperatures (32-40 degrees F) and low humidity.

By: Scott Eckert, Harvey County Extension Agent, Horticulture

Mural going up on Inman elevator

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The Inman Museum Association is excited to announce the commissioning of their new mural project on the iconic grain elevator east of Highway 61 when entering Inman. This significant project is part of a broader initiative to celebrate Kansas heritage with 150 years of Turkey Red Winter Wheat and the settlers that brought it to Kansas.

The mural is being painted by Mindy Allen of Mindy’s Murals, a renowned muralist based in Junction City, Kansas. Known for her vibrant and intricate designs, Mindy’s Murals transforms public spaces into visual masterpieces that reflect the unique spirit of their locations.

“We are thrilled to bring this project to life,” said Ron Regehr, representative of Inman Museum. “The mural will serve as a landmark for Inman history and future aspirations as we embark on a new 15,000 sq. ft. facility that will share the stories of custom cutters from the Inman/Buhler area and across the Great Plains. It’s a beautiful way to celebrate our heritage and welcome travelers passing through the area.”

This project is made possible through the support and collaboration with Inman residents, local organizations, the Kansas Department of Commerce and the Office of Rural Prosperity.

Surrounding community are invited to witness the mural’s progress at the Inman Harvest Celebration on June 29th. The celebration includes an Inman parade, fishing derby, custom cutting demonstration, pedal tractor pull, food trucks and fireworks. See event details at: www.inmanharvestcelebration.com.

Additional donations for the mural project can be made by giving to the Inman Museum Association or going to: www.spotfund.com/inmanharvestmural.

Lettuce Eat Local: Trying To Be A Chef-Matician

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Amanda Miller
Columnist
Lettuce Eat Local

 

It would take a month and a half for my little family of three eaters to finish off 400 homemade meals, yet it only took parts of four days to polish off that many servings of my cooking last week. This was one of the family reunions I mentioned last week, although it wasn’t actually my family reunioning — my family and I were just tagging along.

By request, of course; although I enjoy the idea of crashing someone else’s reunion, in this case I was commissioned to make the food. While I did entertain the thought of boldly passing out hugs with exclamations of “Wow, it’s been so long since we’ve seen you, Cousin!”, Brian appropriately encouraged otherwise. They did, after all, fly us there to be working in the kitchen, not to be assuming the identity of some long-lost relative. 

That’s right, fly: this was a destination catering, in Michigan! I’ve been looking foward to and working ahead for this trip for months now, and the experience did not disappoint. We packed up our two kids and four carry-ons, and took two flights in order to get to Ohio and meet up with my parents to finish up the five-hour drive to the 26th state in the union. The six of us stayed in apartment #6, my mom and dad watching Benson and Kiah while Brian helped me serve eight meals to 55 people. 

There are so many numbers involved in cooking — from servings to ingredient amounts to temperatures and beyond. Units range from degrees to minutes, ounces to adults, tablespoons to chickens. I’ll forever choose crossword puzzles over sudokus, as the realm of words is my strong point instead of numbers, yet math is thoroughly interwoven throughout cooking. Even with my slapdash cooking style, there are numbers typed, penciled, scribbled, and rewritten all over my planning pages. The “recipes” that I wrote to be purely eyeballed still had to have a shopping list, so whether it got followed or not, there still had to be estimated amounts. 

It’s a tricky business, that of estimating. Especially for crowds. If you added an extra cucumber to a salad for six, not a big deal — but if you did that times ten, suddenly that’s almost a dozen extra cukes. Not the end of the world, but also not ideal (unless it’s late summer and any excuse to use up cucumbers is a good one). The reverse happens as well, when either by mathematical error or fluke of eating habits the dish does not last through the end of the serving line; running out of food is the stuff nightmares are made of for a caterer, particularly one like myself who is steeped in generations of abundant Mennonite hospitality. 

So the numbers have to be correct, both in projected estimation of serving needs and in actual mathematical function. And yet, they rarely are, often through no fault of anyone. I crunched the numbers just right to correctly measure and bake the six-converted-to-eight-muffins recipe times two flavors times 24 batches minus two tasters to equal 190 muffins for three mornings for 60ish people…but I couldn’t know that the breakfasters would prefer one kind over the other, resulting in only one leftover sweet potato chocolate muffin and maybe two dozen banana cardamom mango. 

It’s easy to calculate that “a serving” of shawarma-spiced chicken is a half cup, but difficult to know exactly what those nine different-sized whole chickens will yield, and impossible to know how much people will actually take. I’ve made rice for large groups many times, and while my math plus past experience pointed to a certain amount, this family clearly didn’t eat in nearly the quantity anticipated.

And while I try hard to avoid it, sometimes the numbers go awry in the calculation process. I’m not sure what happened, as I know the ratios of dried beans to cooked in cups and pounds and all around, but looking it over again, I see why I had so many chipotle pinto beans left over: because I cooked almost twice the amount we needed. Three gallons of beans is simply too much. 

Fortunately, my brain is getting a little much-needed break from kitchen math now that the big catering job is done. And the only number leftovers need is what to punch in on the microwave.

 

Mexi-terranean Taco Salad

My immediate family had a little vacation directly after the catering reunion, and I was delighted to take a few various leftovers along to avoid cooking (although 14 is such a small number to feed in comparison). We had a little something left from all five main meals, so we amalgamated them into a pseudo-cohesive build-your-own adventure plate, with some interesting notes of correlation between Mexican, Mediterranean, and American style dishes. No math involved.

Prep tips: you can use freshly made components or leftovers, and in any combination. 

tortilla and/or pita chips

rice seasoned with cumin

salad greens

pinto beans

hummus

leftover cubed/shredded meat (we had lamb)

shredded/crumbly cheese

diced tomatoes and avocados

pickled onions

creamy sauce(s): we had yogurt, tzatziki, and ranch

Layer to your pleasure.